Compare Valuation Methods, Frameworks & Tools

Structured side-by-side analysis to help you choose the right approach for intangible asset valuation, accounting standards, and tools.

Valuation Method

Relief from Royalty vs MPEEM: Which Method to Use

RFR values IP using royalty savings. MPEEM isolates excess earnings from customer assets. When to use each method in PPA and intangible valuation.

Relief from Royalty (RFR) vs Multi-Period Excess Earnings (MPEEM)
Valuation Method

Relief from Royalty vs Cost Approach

Comparing income-based RFR with cost-based valuation for intangible assets. When each method provides the most reliable fair value estimate.

Relief from Royalty (RFR) vs Cost Approach
Valuation Method

DCF vs Market Approach for Intangibles

DCF vs Market Approach for intangible asset valuation. Comparing intrinsic value modelling with market-based benchmarks for fair value measurement.

Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) vs Market Approach
Valuation Method

MPEEM vs With-and-Without Method

Comparing MPEEM and the With-and-Without method for valuing intangible assets. When to isolate excess earnings versus model the absence of an asset.

Multi-Period Excess Earnings (MPEEM) vs With-and-Without Method
Valuation Method

RFR vs MPEEM vs With and Without (W&W)

Three-way comparison of RFR, MPEEM and With & Without — when each method fits, what data you need, and how to defend the choice in PPA and audit.

Relief from Royalty (RFR) vs MPEEM and With and Without
Valuation Method

Income vs Cost Approach for Intangibles

Income Approach vs Cost Approach for intangible assets. When future earnings drive value versus when replacement cost is the better measure.

Income Approach vs Cost Approach
Valuation Method

Pre-Tax vs Post-Tax Discount Rates in Valuation

Pre-tax vs post-tax discount rates for intangible asset valuation. How each is derived, when each is required, and how to convert between them.

Pre-Tax Discount Rate vs Post-Tax Discount Rate
Valuation Method

Greenfield vs Brownfield Valuation Approach

Greenfield vs Brownfield valuation approaches for intangible assets. How starting from zero versus starting with existing assets changes the valuation o...

Greenfield Approach vs Brownfield Approach
Valuation Method

Reproduction vs Replacement Cost Approach

Reproduction cost vs replacement cost for intangible asset valuation. When to replicate the exact asset versus create a functional equivalent, and how e...

Direct Cost (Reproduction) vs Indirect Cost (Replacement)
Valuation Method

Single Method vs Multi-Method Valuation Approach

Single method vs multi-method approach for intangible asset valuation. When one method is sufficient versus when cross-checking with multiple methods pr...

Single Valuation Method vs Multi-Method Approach
Valuation Method

Royalty Rate vs Discount Rate in RFR

Royalty rate vs discount rate — what each represents, where each sits in the RFR model, how each is sourced, and the audit tests that govern them.

Royalty Rate vs Discount Rate
Valuation Method

TAB vs Amortisation Benefit

TAB is a formulaic adjustment in income-approach fair-value work; amortisation benefit is the broader commentary term used by lenders and sell-side.

Tax Amortisation Benefit (TAB) vs Amortisation Benefit (Broader Concept)
Valuation Method

Contributory Asset Charge vs Economic Rent

CAC is the formal mechanical charge applied in MPEEM. Economic rent is the broader concept of an asset earning above opportunity cost — CAC implements it.

Contributory Asset Charge (CAC) vs Economic Rent
Valuation Method

Replacement Cost vs Reproduction Cost

Replacement cost estimates a substitute of equivalent utility; reproduction cost recreates an exact replica. Replacement cost dominates for intangibles.

Replacement Cost vs Reproduction Cost
Valuation Method

Royalty Relief vs Loss of Licence

RFR values an owned intangible by royalty avoided through ownership; Loss of Licence values an existing licence by cash flows lost if the licence ends.

Relief from Royalty (RFR) vs Loss of Licence Method
Valuation Method

IPEV vs IFRS 13 vs ASC 820 — Fair Value

IPEV is the practitioner standard for VC/PE fair value. IFRS 13 and ASC 820 are the accounting standards that define fair value and the input hierarchy.

IPEV (Practitioner Guidelines) vs IFRS 13 and ASC 820 (Accounting Standards)
Valuation Method

IPEV: Multiples vs DCF vs Net Assets

Three of IPEV's five techniques: multiples for established/mature, DCF for cash-generating with forecasts, net assets for early-stage or distressed.

Multiples vs DCF and Net Assets
Valuation Method

Non-Compete vs Non-Solicit Valuation

Non-compete vs non-solicit — what each restrictive covenant protects, why both are intangible assets, and how PE practitioners value each in PPA work.

Non-Compete Agreement vs Non-Solicitation Agreement

Alternatives to specific tools

Evaluating a named provider? These guides walk through where Opagio fits as an alternative or complement.

Alternative

Brand Finance Alternative for SMEs — When Bespoke Advisory Doesn't Fit (2026)

A practical guide for SMEs who've looked at Brand Finance and concluded the bespoke advisory model doesn't fit their budget. What to use instead for brand valuation, intangible measurement, and ongoing tracking under a SaaS subscription model.

Alternative

Carta Alternative for Valuation — When to Add Opagio to Your Stack (2026)

A practical guide for founders and CFOs already using Carta who need to answer the valuation question Carta does not address — what intangible assets are driving the share price, and how is that value changing over time.

Alternative

Equidam Alternative — How to Evaluate Switching to Opagio (2026)

A practical guide for founders and advisors evaluating an alternative to Equidam — what Equidam does well, where it stops fitting for certain audiences, and how Opagio's continuous twelve-driver platform compares for Series B+, exit, and PE diligence.

Alternative

Eqvista Alternative — How to Evaluate Switching to Opagio (2026)

A practical guide for founders and advisors evaluating an alternative to Eqvista — what Eqvista does well, where it stops fitting for certain audiences, and how Opagio's continuous twelve-driver platform compares for Series B+, exit, PE diligence, and audit-aligned PPA.

Alternative

Inngot Alternative — How to Evaluate Switching to Opagio (2026)

A practical guide for buyers evaluating an alternative to Inngot — what Inngot does well, where it falls short for specific audiences, and how Opagio's continuous twelve-driver platform compares for fundraising, exit-readiness, and PE portfolio use.

Alternative

Ocean Tomo Alternative for SMEs — When the Engagement Model Doesn't Fit (2026)

A practical guide for SMEs and growth-stage businesses who've looked at Ocean Tomo (J.S. Held) and concluded the engagement-fee model doesn't fit their budget or use case. What to use instead, and how the SME-affordable alternative works.